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Opioids
Why are opioids used?
An opioid is an analgesic (pain killer) most commonly used for the
management of moderate to severe pain. Opioid refers to the entire
family of opiates including natural, synthetic (man made) and
semi-synthetic drugs. Natural opiates come from the seedpod of the
poppy plant (papaver somniferum).
How do opioids work?
Opioids are thought to work by attaching to the receptors of nerve
cells involved in pain pathways. By attaching to these receptors,
opioids can block some of the pain signals that cause pain. In other
words, you are not stopping the pain you are just reducing the number
of pain signals getting to the area of the brain that perceives pain.
What are the side effects of opioids?
It is important to remember that side effects will depend on the type
of opioid that you are taking. However, the most common short term side
effects are
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dry mouth
• Constipation
• Confusion
• Drowsiness
• Difficulty urinating
• Hallucinations or nightmares
• Although opioid drugs are not classified as sedatives, some degree of sedation is common
All of the potent opioid drugs, which are used to provide pain relief,
can lead to dependence or addiction, so it is important to talk with
your doctor or pharmacist about possible side effects before taking a
new medication.
What drugs are classified as opioids?
Avinza (Morphine)
Darvon (Propoxyphene)
Darvon-N (Propoxyphene)
Demerol (Pethidine)
Dilaudid (Hydromorphone)
Dolophine (Methadone)
Endagen-HD (Hydrocodone)
Endocodone (Oxycodone)
ETH-Oxydose (Oxycodone)
Gevilan (Nicomorphine)
Histinex HC (Hydrocodone)
Histussin-HC (Hydrocodone)
Hydro-PC (Hydrocodone)
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Kadian (Morphine)
Numorphan (Oxymorphone)
Opana ER (Oxymorphone)
Opana (Oxymorphone)
Oramorph SR (Morphine)
OxyContin (Oxycodone)
Oxyfast (Oxycodone)
OxyIR (Oxycodone)
Percolone (Oxycodone)
Poly-Tussin (Hydrocodone)
Relacon-HC (Hydrocodone)
Rescudose (Morphine)
Roxanol (Morphine)
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Roxicodone (Oxycodone)
Ultram (Tramadol)
Vanex-HD (Hydrocodone)
Vilan (Nicomorphine)
M-Oxy (Oxycodone)
MS Contin (Morphine)
MSIR (Morphine)
Methadose (Methadone)
Subellan (Nicomorphine)
Sublimaze (Fentanyl)
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